The author's name is always indicated and affiliation and credentials are usually included.
Sources are cited in footnotes, endnotes or bibliographies.
Articles are often preceded by brief abstracts of their contents.
Articles are in-depth and frequently lengthy.
The vocabulary used is indicative of expertise in a particular subject.
Articles are usually "refereed", i.e., reviewed and edited by other experts in the field. Also called peer review.
The journals are sometimes published by a university or by a professional organization such as the American Psychological Association, the American Chemical Society, the National Council of Teachers of English, or the Association of University Programs in Health Administration.
